What is Halotherapy?

Halotherapy/Salt therapy refers to various treatments that involve being immersed in salt environments, including active and passive experiences.

Halotherapy, or salt therapy, involves breathing in air with tiny salt particles to improve your breathing. Halotherapy is considered an alternative treatment for lung problems such as asthma, bronchitis, and cough. Halotherapy is often done in spa-like salt rooms. This therapy can also help you relax and may help with skin conditions and allergies.

The History of Halotherapy
In the 12th century, the practice of visiting salt caves for therapeutic reasons, or speleotherapy, was common in Eastern Europe. In the 1800s, salt miners in Poland found a more modern version of what’s now halotherapy. Despite working in mines all day, the Polish miners didn’t have any respiratory conditions and were unusually healthy. They weren’t likely to get the colds or coughs that were common among other people.‌ Research showed that the salty air the miners breathed helped keep their lungs free from infection and allergies. Over time, Eastern European salt mines or caves became popular tourist destinations. People from all over the world visited to inhale the salty air and ease their lung problems.

Types of Halotherapy
‌Salt therapy is usually done in salt rooms, which can be active or passive.

Active salt room. This room has a machine called a halogenerator, to which salt is added. The equipment breaks down the salt into tiny particles that circulate in the room.
‌Passive salt room. This type of room does not have a machine to break down the salt. Instead, the room is filled with different types of salts, such as Himalayan salt. It looks like a salt cave, with controlled temperature and humidity.
The salt concentration in passive salt rooms is lower than in active salt rooms. These rooms are usually used for relaxation and meditation rather than halotherapy.

Salt therapy itself has two types.

Dry salt therapy. This type is the kind known as halotherapy. It is done in active salt rooms with the help of a halogenerator. This allows the small, dry salt particles to spread in the air and enter your lungs and skin.
‌Wet salt therapy. This involves bathing in salty water containing minerals, gargling with or drinking salty water, or passing salty water through your nasal canal.

Health Benefits of Halotherapy
‌Studies have found that halotherapy can have benefits for respiratory conditions, skin problems, and allergies. Salt is a natural and safe ingredient. It does not have any notable side effects. It is also:

Mucoactive, clearing up mucus from your airways
Antibacterial, helping prevent infections
Anti-inflammatory
Immunity-boosting
Anti-allergic

‌Research has found that because of these properties, halotherapy can be used as part of the treatment of:

Lung infection
Throat infection or pharyngitis
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Smoking-related breathing problems
Respiratory allergies
Asthma
Bronchitis
Cold or cough
Pneumonia
Sinusitis
Rhinitis
Tonsillitis
Cystic fibrosis

Tiny salt particles used in halotherapy can also help repair your skin cells and protect your skin from ageing and infection. This therapy can be used to treat:

Acne and rosacea
Skin allergies
Rash
Eczema
Psoriasis
Dermatitis
Fungal infection 
Wrinkles and signs of aging skin

Research Spotlight
This section summarises a sampling of two studies – providing just a taste of the available research. 

Inhaling Salt-Infused Vapour Improved Breathing in Cystic Fibrosis Patients
A small 2006 study in the New England Journal of Medicine found that for cystic fibrosis patients, inhalation of a salt-infused vapour significantly improved lung function and produced a sustained acceleration of mucus clearance.

Regular Halotherapy Helped Asthma Patients Breathe Easier
A small 2006 study from Finnish medical researchers found that several weeks of halotherapy treatments in a salt chamber led to significantly reduced bronchial hyper responsiveness–and better breathing flow–for asthmatic patients.
 

Please note: halotherapy is not advised during chemotherapy. Once treatment is finished, halotherapy may help to detoxify and support the healing process.